Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver. It is spread by direct contact with the blood or bodily fluids of an infected person.

Hepatitis B occurs worldwide but it’s distribution is higher in some areas of the world such as:

The general risk to travellers is low, although certain behaviours or activities increase the risk, especially in areas where Hepatitis B infection is more common. Risk factors include:

Avoiding contact with blood and body fluids can help reduce the risk of transmission. Unprotected sexual intercourse should be avoided, as should tattoos, piercings and other contact to needles (unless sterile). If travelling to remote or poor areas, it may be prudent to carry a sterile medical equipment kit in case of accidents.

For individuals at continued risk, a single booster dose should be offered, once only, 5 years after primary immunisation has been completed. For most travellers that have completed their primary course, a booster at 5 years is usually unnecessary. However, any risk factors that increase risk should be discussed with your Travel Clinic Pharmacist or Nurse.